rule



 

 

Canto 3

Manah S'ikshā

 

 

Chapter 12: Creation of the Kumāras and Others

(1) Maitreya said: 'Thus far I have described to you, oh Vidura, the glories of the Supersoul under the name of kāla, time, now try to understand from me how the repository of the Vedas [Brahmā] created the things as they are.

(2) He first created the [five] forms of ignorant engagement: the idea that one would die [andha-tāmisra], followed by indignation [tāmisra], the craving of infatuation [mahā-moha], the delusional of errors [like identifying oneself with the body etc., moha] and the darkness of lacking in self-awareness [tamas]. (3) Seeing what a troublesome creation it was he [Brahmā] could not really appreciate what he had done, whereupon he, after being purified by meditating upon the Supreme Lord, found the mind for another creation.  (4) The great self-born soul then created Sanaka, Sananda, Sanātana and Sanat-kumāra [the four Kumāras] who are lifelong celibates ['they whose seed goes upwards'] free from all profit-minded action. (5) He from within told his sons: 'Oh my sons, do procreate', but they did not want to, because they, in their devotion for the Personality of Godhead, were vowed to the principles of liberation. (6) Disrespected by his sons refusing to follow the order, he did his best to check the difficult to curb anger that rose in him. (7) In spite of the original father's meditative control, out of his anger, straight from between his eyebrows, a child was born that had a color composed of red [for passion] and blue [for ignorance]. (8) The child cried loudly to the father of all the gods: 'Oh powerful one, oh ruler of destiny, assign me my names and tell me what my places are, oh teacher of the universe.'

(9) He, as the all-powerful one born from the lotus, thus being asked, complied with the request and gently pacified the child with the words: 'Do not cry, I shall do what you want. (10)  Because you, oh chief of the demigods, as a boy were so anxiously crying loudly, the people will address you with the name Rudra. (11) The heart, the senses, the life air, the ether, the air, fire and water, earth and the sun, the moon as also austerity are the places reserved for you. (12) Your [other] names are: Manyu, Manu, Mahinasa, Mahān, S'iva, Ritadhvaja, Ugraretā, Bhava, Kāla, Vāmadeva and Dhritavrata. (13) Dhī, Dhriti, Rasalā, Umā, Niyut, Sarpi, Ilā, Ambikā, Irāvatī, Svadhā and Dīkshā, oh Rudra, are your [eleven] wives [the Rudrānīs]. (14) Please, accept these different names, places and wives and generate progeny with them on a large scale, for you are the master of the living beings.' (15) Thus being instructed by his spiritual master, the mighty lord of the mixture of blue and red brought forth generations of the same strength, features and nature as his. (16) But when he saw the activities of the sons generated by Rudra and how their endless numbers together devoured the entire universe, the father of the living beings got afraid. (17) 'Oh best of the demigods, [he said,] enough of you creating this kind of living beings. They scorch, with the fiery flames of their eyes, every direction and me as well. (18) Be of [voluntary] penance, that will do you good and bring happiness to all living entities. Only by doing penance you will as before be able to bring about the universe. (19) Only by penitence a person knows the supreme light and can fully respect the Supreme Lord beyond the senses who resides in the heart of everyone.'

(20) Maitreya said: 'Thus being instructed by the self-born one, he [Rudra] circumambulated the master of the Vedas saying 'So be it'. Next he entered the forest to do penance. (21) Determined to create he [Brahmā] who by the Supreme Lord had been empowered, then begot ten sons in order to populate the world: (22) Marīci, Atri, Angirā, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Bhrigu, Vasishthha, Daksha and Nārada as number ten. (23) Nārada sprouted from his lap, Daksha from the thumb, from his life-air Vasishthha saw the light, while Bhrigu came forth from his touch and sage Kratu from his hand. (24) Pulaha generated from the navel, Pulastya from his ears, the great sage Angirā from the mouth, from the eyes sage Atri came forth and sage Marīci appeared from the mind. (25) From the right side of the breast, where Nārāyana resides, religion manifested while irreligion, because of which the world fears the horrors of death, appeared from his back. (26) From the heart lust manifested, from the eyebrows anger, from between his lips greed, from the mouth the urge to speak originated while from his penis the oceans appeared and from the anus, the source of all vice, the lowest activities. (27) From his shadow Kardama Muni, the husband of Devahūti, manifested. This is how the complete of this living universe of the creator evolved from both the master's body and mind.

(28) Oh Vidura, we have heard that the daughter Vāk who was born from his body distracted the mind of Brahmā and made him desirous of her even though she was not sexually inclined. (29) When the sons, the sages headed by Marīci, saw that his mind was seized by immorality, they with due respect submitted the following: (30) 'That what you are doing now with your daughter without controlling your sexual desire you, nor anyone else, has done before, nor will anybody do such a thing ever in the future, oh master. (31) Oh master of the universe, for certain such an attitude does not befit you, the most powerful soul, whose good behavior and character constitutes an example followed by all the world striving for prosperity. (32) Let us offer our obeisances to the Supreme Lord who, from within the soul, by the power of His own effulgence brought about this manifestation. May His sense of duty protect us all.' (33) Seeing all his sons who thus addressed him standing before him, the father of all fathers of mankind most ashamed quitted his body. That body was seized by the directions as a terrible fog known for its darkness. (34) When the creator one day wondered how he should create the three worlds as before, the Vedic literature manifested itself from his four mouths. (35) Thus the four functions of [sacrificial] action [the offer, the performer, the fire and the offering] and the supplements of the Veda with their logical conclusions became manifest as also the four principles of religion [truth, purity, austerity and compassion] and the spiritual departments [ās'ramas] and vocational divisions [varnas].'

(36) Vidura said: 'Please, oh wealth of renunciation, can you tell by what mouth which Veda was produced by the god who is the controller of the creators of the universe?'

(37) Maitreya said: 'The four Vedas called Rig, Yajur, Sāma and Atharva appeared, beginning with the front [east, south, west and north], each from one of the mouths and in the same order followed the scriptural discussions [the S'āstra for the Hotā priest], the rituals [the Ijya for the Adhvaryu priest], the recitation material [the Stutistoma for the Udgātā priest] and the transcendental service of atonement [the Prāyas'citta for the Brahmā ritvik]. (38) The same way beginning from the front mouth in the eastern direction the Vedic sciences of medicine [Āyurveda],  archery [Dhanurveda],  music [Ghandarvaveda] and architecture [Sthāpatyaveda] were created [who together are called the Upavedas]. (39) The Itihāsas - the separate histories - and the collections of classical stories, the Purānas, who together are known as the fifth Veda, manifested from all the mouths of him looking in every direction. (40) From his eastern mouth as also from each of the other ones he sent out a pair of sacrifices: sodas'ī, uktha [from the east], purīshi, agnishthoma [from the south], āptoryamā, atirātra [from the west] and vājapeya and gosava [from the north]. (41) Education [vidyā, also called purity - s'auca - through acquiring knowledge], charity [dāna], penance [tapas] and truth [satya] are the four legs of religion that in the same order came about together with the orders of life [students, married people, withdrawn people and the renunciates] and the vocations [the laborers, the traders, the rulers and the intellectuals]. (42) Next the vows appeared [for regulating the brahmacārī, the celibate student] of Sāvitra [three days of celibacy after the ceremony of the holy thread], Prājāpatya [celibacy for one year], Brāhma [celibacy during the study of the Veda] and Brihat [lifelong celibacy] as also the vows [for regulating household life] of Vārtā [vocations sanctioned by the scriptures], Sańcaya [officiating at ceremonies], S'ālīna [to subsist on everything that is acquired without asking] and S'īluńcha [to subsist on the remnants left behind in the fields and the market place]. (43) [Also the directions for] the [vānaprashtas or the] retired ones [thus manifested:] the vaikhānasas [subsisting on produce from the wild], the vālakhilyas [they who give up their stock upon receiving new food grains], the audumbaras [who subsist on the food they find on their way] and the phenapas [those subsisting on fruits that fell from the trees, as also the directions for] the renounced order [of the sannyāsīs] consisting of the kuthīcakas [recluses living in a fixed place], bahūdakas [or bahvodhas, they who prefer knowledge before activities], hamsas [those fully on the path of transcendental knowledge] and the nishkriyas or paramahamsas  [those who attained spiritual wisdom and refrain from action]. (44) In the same order [the four branches of knowledge] appeared: ānvīkshikī [spiritual knowledge of liberation], trayī [knowledge of rituals], vārtā [technical knowledge] and dandanīti [political science]. Also the four vyāhritis [of the first line and three words of the Gāyatrī mantra] thus appeared together with the Pranava [the mantra Aum] flowing from his heart. (45) From the hair of his body ushnik [a meter of poetry] was generated, from the skin of the mighty one gāyatrī [the three-foot] originated, trishthup [another meter] came from his flesh, anushthup appeared from the veins and from the bones of the father of the living beings jagati was generated [two other meters]. (46) From the marrow of his bones pankti manifested itself while brihatī generated from the life breath [two types of verses]. (47) His individual soul manifested as the spars'a letters [the hard consonants] of the Sanskrit alphabet [ka to ma] while his body expressed itself in the Sanskrit vowels [a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, ri, rī, l, e, ai, o, au]. His senses are called the sibilants [s'a, sha sa and ha], his strength became the semi-vowels [ya, la, ra and va] and from the inner joy of the lord of the living beings the seven musical notes manifested [*]. (48) Existing as the transcendental sound of the Original Self, the Supersoul, he [Brahmā] is both manifest [as Vedic utterances] and non-manifest [as the inner sound of omkāra]. Appearing as the Absolute [of the complete whole, of brahman] he expanded himself being invested with multifarious energies.
 
(49) After having accepted another body he [again] put his mind to the matter of creation. (50) Oh son of the Kurus, knowing that, in spite of the great power of the sages, the population was not increasing  , he again devoted his heart to the matter. He thought: (51) 'Alas, how is it possible that with me being this busy all the time the population is not increasing! There must be some kind of divine ordinance working against me in this.' (52) While he thus observed and contemplated his situation, a division of a twofold form manifested itself of which one says that it is his body [the human body created after his image - kāya - 'that what belongs to Ka or Brahmā']. (53) With his form thus being divided with them, he thereupon engaged in a sexual relationship. (54) The man became the independent ruler, the father of mankind [the Manu] called Svāyambhuva and the woman became known as S'atarūpā. She was the queen to the great soul that he was. (55) Because of the sex life according to the regulative principles [see verse 41] from that time on the generations increased. (56) Oh best of all, in due course of time he begot in S'atarūpā five children: Priyavrata, Uttānapāda and three daughters, o son of Bharata, Ākūti, Devahūti and Prasūti. (57) The one named Ākūti he handed over to sage Ruci, the middle one [Devahūti] he gave to sage Kardama and Prasūti was given to Daksha. Because of them the whole world became populated.'

 

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Third revised edition, loaded October 10, 2023.

   

 

 

Previous Aadhar edition and Vedabase links:

Text 1

Maitreya said: 'Thus far I have described to you, oh Vidura, the glories of the Supersoul under the name of kāla, time, now try to understand from me how the repository of the Vedas [Brahmā] created the things as they are.
Maitreya said: 'Thus far I described to you, o Vidura, the glories of the Supersoul under the name of kāla, now just try to understand from me how the repository of the Vedas [Brahmā] created the things as they are. (Vedabase)

 

Text 2

He first created the [five] forms of ignorant engagement: the idea that one would die [andha-tāmisra], followed by indignation [tāmisra], the craving of infatuation [mahā-moha], the delusional of errors [like identifying oneself with the body etc., moha] and the darkness of lacking in self-awareness [tamas].

First came about [as the five types of ignorance:] the idea that one would die [andhatāmisra], then indignation [tāmisra], next all the craving of infatuation [mahāmoha] and then there was the delusional of error [like identifying oneself with the body, etc., moha] as well as the darkness of the nescience about one's own engagements [tamas]. (Vedabase)

 

Text 3

Seeing what a troublesome creation it was he [Brahmā] could not really appreciate what he had done, whereupon he, after being purified by meditating upon the Supreme Lord, found the mind for another creation.

Seeing such a troublesome creation he [Brahmā] didn't feel much for himself; he then, purified by meditating the Supreme Lord, found the mind for another one. (Vedabase)

 

Text 4

The great self-born soul then created Sanaka, Sananda, Sanātana and Sanat-kumāra [the four Kumāras] who are lifelong celibates ['they whose seed goes upwards'] free from all profit-minded action.

To that the great self-born sages Sanaka, Sananda, Sanātana and Sanat-kumāra found their existence who are free from all fruitive action and who are of the celibate ['whose seed goes upwards']. (Vedabase)

 

Text 5

He from within told his sons: 'Oh my sons, do procreate', but they did not want to, because they, in their devotion for the Personality of Godhead, were vowed to the principles of liberation.

He commissioned them, his sons, from within: 'O my sons, do procreate', but they didn't desire that, pledged as they were to the principles of liberation in devotion for the Personality of Godhead. (Vedabase)

 

Text 6

Disrespected by his sons refusing to follow the order, he did his best to check the difficult to curb anger that rose in him.

He, thus disrespected by the sons who refused to follow the order, developed an anger which he could not show and to his best tried to put to an end. (Vedabase)

  

Text 7

In spite of the original father's meditative control, out of his anger, straight from between his eyebrows, a child was born that had a color composed of red [for passion] and blue [for ignorance].

In spite of controlling it by meditation, from between the eyebrows of the original father his anger, instantly a child was born of a color mixed of red [for passion] and blue [for ignorance]. (Vedabase)

 

Text 8

The child cried loudly to the father of all the gods: 'Oh powerful one, oh ruler of destiny, assign me my names and tell me what my places are, oh teacher of the universe.'

That child loudly cried out to the father of all the gods: 'O Powerful one, o ruler of destiny, assign me my names and places of commitment, o teacher of the universe.' (Vedabase)
  

Text 9

He, as the all-powerful one born from the lotus, thus being asked, complied with the request and gently pacified the child with the words: 'Do not cry, I shall do what you want.

Being requested as the all-powerful one born from the lotus, he accepted the plea and gently pacified it with the words: 'Do not cry, I shall do as you desire. (Vedabase)

 

Text 10

Because you, oh chief of the demigods, as a boy were so anxiously crying loudly, the people will address you with the name Rudra. 

O boy, chief of the demigods, because you were so anxiously crying out aloud, the people will address you by the name of Rudra. (Vedabase)

 

Text 11

The heart, the senses, the life air, the ether, the air, fire and water, earth and the sun, the moon as also austerity are the places reserved for you. 

The heart, the senses, the life air, the ether, the air, fire and water, earth and the sun, the moon and also austerity for sure are all the places that are reserved for you. (Vedabase)

 

Text 12

Your [other] names are: Manyu, Manu, Mahinasa, Mahān, S'iva, Ritadhvaja, Ugraretā, Bhava, Kāla, Vāmadeva and Dhritavrata. 

All your names are: Manyu, Manu, Mahinasa, Mahān, S'iva, Ritadhvaja, Ugraretā, Bhava, Kāla, Vāmadeva and Dhritavrata. (Vedabase)

  

Text 13

Dhī, Dhriti, Rasalā, Umā, Niyut, Sarpi, Ilā, Ambikā, Irāvatī, Svadhā and Dīkshā, oh Rudra, are your [eleven] wives [the Rudrānīs].

Dhī, Dhriti, Rasalā, Umā, Niyut, Sarpi, Ilā, Ambikā, Irāvatī, Svadhā and Dīkshā are, o Rudra, your eleven wives. (Vedabase)

  

Text 14

Please, accept these different names, places and wives and generate progeny with them on a large scale, for you are the master of the living beings.'

Accept these different names and places and the wives belonging to them; generate progeny with them on a large scale, for you are the master of the living beings.' (Vedabase)

 

Text 15

Thus being instructed by his spiritual master, the mighty lord of the mixture of blue and red brought forth generations of the same strength, features and nature as his. 

Thus being ordered by his own spiritual master, the most powerful one of the mix of blue and red brought forth the generations who like himself were of the same strength, features and furious nature. (Vedabase)

 

Text 16

But when he saw the activities of the sons generated by Rudra and how their endless numbers together devoured the entire universe, the father of the living beings got afraid.

Seeing from the activities of the sons that were generated by Rudra that the unlimited number of them all together devoured the entire universe, the father of the living beings became afraid: (Vedabase)

 

Text 17

'Oh best of the demigods, [he said,] enough of you creating this kind of living beings. They scorch, with the fiery flames of their eyes, every direction and me as well.

'O best of the demigods, [he said,] enough of your generating this kind of living beings; they, by the fiery flames of their eyes, scorch every direction and me as well. (Vedabase)

 

Text 18

Be of [voluntary] penance, that will do you good and bring happiness to all living entities. Only by doing penance you will as before be able to bring about the universe.

Be situated in penance, that is auspicious for you. By penance only will the living entities find happiness and will you create a world to your liking as it was before. (Vedabase)  

 

Text 19

Only by penitence a person knows the supreme light and can fully respect the Supreme Lord beyond the senses who resides in the heart of everyone.'

Only by penance can a person fully know the supreme light of respect for the Supreme Lord beyond the senses who resides in the heart of everyone.' (Vedabase)

 

Text 20

Maitreya said: 'Thus being instructed by the self-born one, he [Rudra] circumambulated the master of the Vedas saying 'So be it'. Next he entered the forest to do penance.

Maitreya said: 'Thus on the request of the self-born one, he [Rudra] circumambulated the master of the Vedas, that way confirming Him with mantras, and entered for the sake of penance the forest. (Vedabase)

 

Text 21

Determined to create he [Brahmā] who by the Supreme Lord had been empowered, then begot ten sons in order to populate the world:

Thinking of creation were, empowered with the potency of the Venerable One, then [by Brahmā] ten sons begotten to give rise to the world population: (Vedabase)

 

Text 22

Marīci, Atri, Angirā, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Bhrigu, Vasishthha, Daksha and Nārada as number ten.

Thus Marīci, Atri, Angirā, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Bhrigu, Vasishthha, Daksha and the tenth son, Nārada, were born. (Vedabase)

 

Text 23

Nārada sprouted from his lap, Daksha from the thumb, from his life-air Vasishthha saw the light, while Bhrigu came forth from his touch and sage Kratu from his hand.

Deliberating on transcendence Nārada came into being, Daksha came from the thumb, from the life-air Vasishthha saw the light, while Bhrigu came from his touch and the sage Kratu from his hand. (Vedabase)

 

Text 24

Pulaha generated from the navel, Pulastya from his ears, the great sage Angirā from the mouth, from the eyes sage Atri came forth and sage Marīci appeared from the mind.

Pulaha generated from the navel, Pulastya from his ears, the great sage Angirā from the mouth, from the eyes the sage Atri came forth and the sage Marīci appeared from the mind. (Vedabase)

 

Text 25

From the right side of the breast, where Nārāyana resides, religion manifested while irreligion, because of  which the world fears the horrors of death, appeared from his back.

From the right side of the breast, where Nārāyana resides, religion manifested while irreligion, from which the world fears the horrors of death, appeared from his back.  (Vedabase)

 

Text 26

From the heart lust manifested, from the eyebrows anger, from between his lips greed, from the mouth the urge to speak originated while from his penis the oceans appeared and from the anus, the source of all vice, the lowest activities.

From the heart lust manifested, from the eyebrows anger, from between his lips greed, from the mouth originated the drive to speak while from his penis the flood came and from the anus, the reservoir of all vices, the lowest activities. (Vedabase)

 

Text 27

From his shadow Kardama Muni, the husband of Devahūti, manifested. This is how the complete of this living universe of the creator evolved from both the master's body and mind.

From his shadow Kardama Muni, the husband of Devahūti, manifested. Thus was from as well the master his body as his mind this living universe of the creator evolved. (Vedabase)

 

Text 28

Oh Vidura, we have heard that the daughter Vāk who was born from his body, distracted the mind of Brahmā and made him desirous of her, even though she was not sexually inclined.

O Vidura, we have heard that the daughter Vak that was born from his body distracted the mind of Brahmā and brought him desire and although he wasn't sexually inclined, he thus developed a sexual preference. (Vedabase)

 

Text 29

When the sons, the sages headed by Marīci, saw that his mind was seized by immorality, they with due respect submitted the following:

The sons, the sages headed by Marīci, who thus saw that the mind to him had lost its sense of duty, with due respect submitted themselves as follows: (Vedabase)


Text 30

'That what you are doing now with your daughter without controlling your sexual desire you, nor anyone else, has done before, nor will anybody do such a thing ever in the future, oh master.

'Never before was such a thing done by you, nor by anyone else, what you entertain towards your daughter without controlling the sexual urge, o master.  (Vedabase)

 

Text 31

Oh master of the universe, for certain such an attitude does not befit you, the most powerful soul, whose good behavior and character constitutes an example followed by all the world striving for prosperity.

Certainly such an attitude does not befit the most powerful one whose good behavior and character, o master of the universe, the world surely is following in its choice of prosperity. (Vedabase)

 

Text 32

Let us offer our obeisances to the Supreme Lord who, from within the soul, by the power of His own effulgence brought about this manifestation. May His sense of duty protect us all.'

Let us offer our obeisances to the Supreme Lord who, situated in Himself, from His own effulgence has the goodness to manifest the proper sense of duty for our protection.'  (Vedabase)

 

Text 33

Seeing all his sons who thus addressed him standing before him, the father of all fathers of mankind most ashamed quitted his body. That body was seized by the directions as a terrible fog known for its darkness.

Thus seeing all the sons before him addressing him, the father of all fathers of mankind, at that moment ashamed quitted the body accepting the blame about the fog that in all directions is [still] known as the darkness. (Vedabase)


Text 34

When the creator one day wondered how he should create the three worlds as before, the Vedic literature manifested itself from his four mouths.

When there was once the contemplation on how he would create himself all these worlds as they were composed in the past, from the four mouths of Brahmā the vedic literature manifested. (Vedabase)


Text 35

Thus the four functions of [sacrificial] action [the offer, the performer, the fire and the offering] and the supplements of the Veda with their logical conclusions became manifest as also the four principles of religion [truth, purity, austerity and compassion] and the spiritual departments [ās'ramas] and vocational divisions [varnas].'

Thus the four functions of action [the offer, the performer, the fire and the offering itself] and the supplements of the Veda with their logical conclusions along with the four principles of religion [truth, purity, austerity and compassion] came about and following that also the social orders and the divisions of vocation became manifest.' (Vedabase)

 

Text 36

Vidura said: 'Please, oh wealth of renunciation, can you tell by what mouth which Veda was produced by the god who is the controller of the creators of the universe?'

Vidura said: 'Please explain to me, o wealth of renunciation, how and with the help of what divinity were the Vedas, which originated from the mouth, established by him who is the controller of the universe that was created.' (Vedabase)

 

Text 37

Maitreya said: 'The four Vedas called Rig, Yajur, Sāma and Atharva appeared, beginning with the front [east, south, west and north], each from one of the mouths and in the same order followed the scriptural discussions [the S'āstra for the Hotā priest], the rituals [the Ijya for the Adhvaryu priest], the recitation material [the Stutistoma for the Udgātā priest] and the transcendental service of atonement [the Prāyas'citta for the Brahmā ritvik].

Maitreya said: 'Beginning from the front were by the [four] mouths one after the other established the Vedas named Rig, Yajur, Sāma and Atharva; the scriptural discussions, the rituals, the recitation material and the prayers of transcendental activity [with for each of the four a type of priest or ritvik]. (Vedabase)


Text 38

The same way beginning from the front mouth in the eastern direction the Vedic sciences of medicine [Āyurveda], archery [Dhanurveda],  music [Ghandarvaveda] and architecture [Sthāpatyaveda] were created [who together are called the Upavedas].

Also were as before from the front of the mouths created the vedic science of medicine, military science, the art of music and the know-how of building [called the upavedas].  (Vedabase)

 

Text 39 

The Itihāsas - the separate histories - and the collections of classical stories, the Purānas, who together are known as the fifth Veda, manifested from all the mouths of him looking in every direction.

Also were the itihāsas, the separeate histories, and the collections of classical stories, the purānas, all together as the fifth Veda brought forth from the mouths of him who sees the time all around. (Vedabase)

 

Text 40

From his eastern mouth as also from each of the other ones he sent out a pair of sacrifices: sodas'ī, uktha [from the east], purīshi, agnishthoma [from the south], āptoryamā, atirātra [from the west] and vājapeya and gosava [from the north].

The various types of fire-sacrifice called sodas'ī, uktha, purīshi, agnishthoma, āptoryamā, atirātra, vājapeya and gosava manifested from the eastern mouth[s]. (Vedabase)


Text 41

Education [vidyā, also called purity - s'auca - through acquiring knowledge], charity [dāna], penance [tapas] and truth [satya] are the four legs of religion that in the same order came about together with the orders of life [students, married people, withdrawn people and the renunciates] and the vocations [the laborers, the traders, the rulers and the intellectuals].

Education (through purity), charity (through compassion), penance and truth as the four legs of religion as also the orders of life [students, married people, withdrawn people and the renuciates] and the vocations [the laborers, the traders, the rulers and the intellectuals] were created in the same order. (Vedabase)


Text 42

Next the vows appeared [for regulating the brahmacārī, the celibate student] of Sāvitra [three days of celibacy after the ceremony of the holy thread], Prājāpatya [celibacy for one year], Brāhma [celibacy during the study of the Veda] and Brihat [lifelong celibacy] as also the vows [for regulating household life] of Vārtā [vocations sanctioned by the scriptures], Sańcaya [officiating at ceremonies], S'ālīna [to subsist on everything that is acquired without asking] and S'īluńcha [to subsist on the remnants left behind in the fields and the market place].

Then there was the initiation [the ceremony of the sacred thread] for the twice-born, the rule of loyalty for one year, the culture of sexual abstinence and the subsistence according the rules and duties of maintaining a livelihood by taking what is left over without asking further even though one is of a householders life. (Vedabase)


Text 43

[Also the directions for] the [vānaprashtas or the] retired ones [thus manifested:] the vaikhānasas [subsisting on produce from the wild], the vālakhilyas [they who give up their stock upon receiving new food grains], the audumbaras [who subsist on the food they find on their way] and the phenapas [those subsisting on fruits that fell from the trees, as also the directions for] the renounced order [of the sannyāsīs] consisting of the kuthīcakas [recluses living in a fixed place], bahūdakas [or bahvodhas, they who prefer knowledge before activities], hamsas [those fully on the path of transcendental knowledge] and the nishkriyas or paramahamsas  [those who attained spiritual wisdom and refrain from action].

Those who retired and cook modestly, those who gave up keeping stock, those who accept what they find on their way, and those who live in retreat on what falls in their lap, are the ones who live withdrawn, while the renounced order consists of those who from the beginning lived unattached within a family, those who gave up all material interest always being engaged in transcendental activities, those who are complete in their absorption in transcendental knowledge and those who gave up acting all together. (Vedabase)

 

Text 44

In the same order [the four branches of knowledge] appeared: ānvīkshikī [spiritual knowledge of liberation], trayī [knowledge of rituals], vārtā [technical knowledge] and dandanīti [political science]. Also the four vyāhritis [of the first line and three words of the Gāyatrī mantra] thus appeared together with the Pranava [the mantra Aum] flowing from his heart.

From his heart came thus also the logic of spiritual knowledge, the triple sacred science [hymns, offers and mantra-meditation], political science and the moral codes, into existence along with the hymns of earth, mind and heaven as surely also the Pranava [aum-mantra]. (Vedabase)


Text 45

From the hair of his body ushnik [a meter of poetry] was generated, from the skin of the mighty one gāyatrī [the three-foot] originated, trishthup [another meter] came from his flesh, anushthup appeared from the veins and from the bones of the father of the living beings jagati was generated [two other meters].

From the hair of his body ushnik [a meter of poetry] was generated, from the skin of the mighty one came the gāyatrī [the three-foot and purification mantra], trishthup [another metre] came from his flesh, from the veins came anushthup and from the bones of the father of the living beings was jagatī generated [two other meters]. (Vedabase)

 

Text 46

From the marrow of his bones pankti manifested itself while brihatī generated from the life breath [two types of verses].

From the marrow of his bones was manifested pankti itself while brihatī, generated from the life breath [two types of verse]. (Vedabase)

 

Text 47

His individual soul manifested as the spars'a letters [the hard consonants] of the Sanskrit alphabet [ka to ma] while his body expressed itself in the Sanskrit vowels [a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, ri, rī, l, e, ai, o, au]. His senses are called the sibilants [s'a, sha sa and ha], his strength became the semi-vowels [ya, la, ra and va] and from the inner joy of the lord of the living beings the seven musical notes manifested [*].

The individual soul of the father of beings manifested itself as the touch alphabets [ka to ma], his body expressed the vowels [a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, ri, rī, l, e, ai, o, au], the sibilant alphabets [sa-types and ha] are called his senses, his strength was manifested as the intermediate alphabets [ya , ra, la and va] and the activities of his senses as the seven notes of music [*]. (Vedabase)

 

Text 48

Existing as the transcendental sound of the Original Self, the Supersoul, he [Brahmā] is both manifest [as Vedic utterances] and non-manifest [as the inner sound of omkāra]. Appearing as the Absolute [of the complete whole, of brahman] he expanded himself being invested with multifarious energies.

The transcendental sound of His Soul, that is beyond the conception of manifestation or the unmanifest, is the source from which the Absolute [of Brahmā] completely manifested that is invested with multifarious energies. (Vedabase)

 

Text 49

After having accepted another body he [again] put his mind to the matter of creation.

Having accepted another body he thereafter paid attention to the matter of procreation.  (Vedabase)

 

Text 50

Oh son of the Kurus, knowing that, in spite of the great power of the sages, the population was not increasing, he again devoted his heart to the matter. He thought:

O son of the Kurus, knowing that in spite of the earthly potential of the great sages the population did not extend, he again in his heart came to consider this: (Vedabase)

 

Text 51

'Alas, how is it possible that with me being this busy all the time the population is not increasing! There must be some kind of divine ordinance working against me in this.'

'Alas, how surpising it is for me to be so busy all the time but nevertheless have the progeny not procreating; there must be some kind of divine ordinance working against me in this.' (Vedabase)

 

Text 52

While he thus observed and contemplated his situation, a division of a twofold form manifested itself of which one says that it is his body [the human body created after his image - kāya - 'that what belongs to Ka or Brahmā'].

While contemplating and observing his divinity thus, at that time after his image two others manifested of which one says that they are his body. (Vedabase)  


Text 53

With his form thus being divided with them, he thereupon engaged in a sexual relationship.

His form with them being divided then perfectly engaged in a sexual relationship.  (Vedabase)

 

Text 54

The man became the independent ruler, the father of mankind [the Manu] called Svāyambhuva and the woman became known as S'atarūpā. She was the queen to the great soul that he was.

The one of them who was the male became the fully independent father of manhood [the Manu] called Svāyambhuva and the one who was the woman was known as S'atarūpā; she was the queen to the great soul that he was. (Vedabase)

 

Text 55

Because of the sex life according to the regulative principles [see verse 41] from that time on the generations increased.

From that time, from the sexual life according the rules of religion, for sure the increase of the generations took place. (Vedabase)

Text 56

Oh best of all, in due course of time he begot in S'atarūpā five children: Priyavrata, Uttānapāda and three daughters, o son of Bharata, Ākūti, Devahūti and Prasūti.

In due course of time he begot from S'atarūpā five children: Priyavrata and Uttānapāda and three daughters, o son of Bharata, Ākūti, Devahūti and Prasūti, o best of all.  (Vedabase)

 

Text 57

The one named Ākūti he handed over to sage Ruci, the middle one [Devahūti] he gave to sage Kardama and Prasūti was given to Daksha. Because of them the whole world became populated.'

The one named Ākūti he handed over to the sage Ruci, the sage Kardama he gave the middle one [Devahūti] and Daksha was handed over Prasūti. From this the whole world became populated. (Vedabase)
 
*: The seven Vedic notes are: sa, ri, gā, ma, pa, dha and ni [resp. c, d, e, f, g, a, bes] also called shadja, rishabha, gāndhāra, madhyama, pańcama, dhaivata, and nishāda.  
 

 

 

 

 

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The image of the Kumāras was donated by the Editor in Chief,
Sri Vasudeva Sarana Upadhyaya, of the Sri Sarvesvara Press,
Sri Nimbarkacarya Pitha, Salemabad, Rajasthan, India. Source.
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Filognostic Association of The Order of Time.


  

 

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